How can we understand Oman’s middle path toward Iran?

Several years ago, I asked a senior Omani scholar a question that has puzzled many in the Arab world: why does Muscat maintain such deep mutual trust with Tehran, despite decades of Iranian behavior that convinced most Arab states that Iran is not a reliable partner? He answered with quiet confidence: “Because we fought them throughout history. We understood them, and they understood us.” It was not a nostalgic reference to old battles, but a concise summary of a long political memory. Oman is the only Gulf state that has confronted Persia directly, defeated it at times, and negotiated with it at others. This history includes a fact often ignored in regional narratives: in 1775, it was the Omani fleet […]