Time as power: Why timing is reshaping energy diplomacy in the Middle East

For decades, energy diplomacy in the region has been understood through three familiar dimensions: geography, natural resources and infrastructure. Geography explains where hydrocarbons are found. Resources determine who possesses them. Infrastructure dictates how they are transported to global markets. These three pillars have shaped strategic thinking for more than half a century. Today, however, they are no longer enough.The global energy transition is accelerating. Governments are investing heavily in renewable energy, electric mobility and low-carbon technologies. International climate commitments are gradually reshaping investment priorities, while technological innovation is reducing the long-term dominance of fossil fuels. For hydrocarbon-producing states, the question is no longer simply how much oil or gas they possess. Increasingly, the decisive question is whether they can transform […]