The long shadow of 1973: Why “energy memory” is reshaping global diplomacy

Crises end. Institutions remember. On an autumn morning in October 1973, motorists across Europe and North America queued for hours outside petrol stations, uncertain whether fuel would still be available. Governments imposed rationing, reduced speed limits and introduced emergency measures that reshaped economic life. Although the immediate crisis faded, the institutions and strategic doctrines created in response continue to influence global energy policy more than fifty years later. The legacy of the 1973 oil embargo extends far beyond temporary shortages or price shocks. It fundamentally altered how governments understood vulnerability. Energy crises rarely disappear when markets stabilise; they survive in strategic reserves, infrastructure, alliances and national security doctrines. States do not simply recover from existential shocks—they institutionalise them. This article […]